• Chappuis, J. (2012). "How am I doing?" Educational Leadership, 70(1), 36–41.   

This article reviews the research on effective teacher feedback, highlighting five characteristics that increase students’ understanding. The author provides several useful tools, including an Assessment Dialogue Form (Figure 2), so that students assess their own work before the teacher sees it. Additionally, examples in Figure 3 show how a teacher’s written comments can cue students to make corrections on their own.

• U.S. Department of Education. (n.d.). Teaching students to examine their own data [Video file]. Retrieved from http://opi.mt.gov/streamer/Instructional_innovations/video.php?content=439

This presentation covers the rationale underlying effective feedback and the steps teachers must take to gather information, then alter their instruction. Additionally, when scores and measurements are available to students, they are better able to monitor their own learning.